ScienceDaily Top Science Headlines
for Friday, April 8, 2011
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Clear link found between height and longevity in historical records (April 8, 2011) -- The way we live directly affects the length of our bodies -- and our lives, according to a new book. By exploring the links between nutrition and economic development in Europe and North America since the early-1700s, the researchers linked the changing size, shape and capability of the human body to economic and demographic change. ... > full story
Novel methods used to identify how cigarette smoke affects smokers (April 8, 2011) -- Smoke from cigarettes can affect nearly every organ in the body by promoting cell damage and causing inflammation, but no one has understood which smoker is or is not susceptible to disease development. Researchers demonstrate how cigarette smoke produces different "metabolites" or active biological compounds, in individual smokers, compared to non-smokers in a new study. ... > full story
Convenience leads to corpulence: Parents and schools unintentionally contribute to childhood obesity (April 8, 2011) -- Two of the biggest influences on children -- parents and schools -- may unintentionally contribute to childhood obesity. That's the observation a researcher who studies the problem. ... > full story
Naproxen reduces tumors in a mouse model of colon cancer, researchers report (April 8, 2011) -- Numerous studies show that non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) reduce the risk of colon cancer. However, animal studies testing the NSAID naproxen or its derivative, NO-naproxen, have focused primarily on chemically-induced tumor formation. Now, researchers find that naproxen and NO-naproxen reduce tumor formation in a strain of mutant mice that spontaneously develop colon tumors. The data also suggest that naproxen blocks a gatekeeper step that initiates tumor formation. ... > full story
In vitro fertilizatio: Procedure used in preconception diagnosis can lead to problems with pregnancies, study finds (April 8, 2011) -- A new study demonstrates that a procedure used in preconception diagnosis to identify eggs that are free of genetic disease might not work well in all cases. The research highlights the issues associated with analyzing the amount of mutant mitochondrial DNA in supporting cells as a proxy for eggs prior to in vitro fertilization. ... > full story
What the world needs now? More wisdom (April 8, 2011) -- Researchers have compiled data to assess how wisdom shapes life. The result? Wisdom has an impact on how people cope in situations and whether they are more or less satisfied with life. ... > full story
Editing-molecule mutation causes fatal primordial dwarfism (April 7, 2011) -- Fetuses with defects in a molecular machine that edits information cells use to make proteins can develop a rare form of dwarfism called microcephalic osteodysplastic primoridal dwarfism type 1. The findings could lead to a test for people who carry a copy of the mutation, to a better understanding of RNA splicing and to whether mutations of this type that arise during an individual's lifetime contribute to cancer or other diseases. ... > full story
Blood pressure's internally driven daily rhythm unlikely to be linked to morning heart attacks (April 7, 2011) -- The internally-driven daily cycle of blood pressure changes doesn't appear to be linked to the known increase in morning heart attacks, according to a new study. Researchers sought to identify the role of the internal human body clock in the daily rise and fall in blood pressure. In the study, three groups of volunteers showed an internal daily blood pressure variation with a peak at around 9 p.m. -- independent of changes in activity and other behavioral influences that can affect blood pressure. ... > full story
New technology developed to screen and analyze genetic mutations (April 7, 2011) -- Scientists have developed a novel technique to produce all potential individual mutations and using deep sequencing technology simultaneously analyze each change's impact on the cell. ... > full story
Treatment for depression is a long-term solution, study suggests (April 7, 2011) -- Treatment of depression may have long-term benefits. New research has shown that depressed adults who use antidepressants are three times less likely to be depressed eight years later, compared to depressed adults who don't use antidepressants. ... > full story
Molecules identified that help propel cancer metastasis (April 7, 2011) -- For many types of cancer, the original tumor itself is usually not deadly. Instead, it's the spread of a tiny subpopulation of cells from the primary tumor to other parts of the body -- the process known as metastasis -- that all too often kills the patient. Now, researchers have identified two molecules that enable cancer to spread inside the body. These findings could eventually lead to therapies that prevent metastasis by inactivating the molecules. ... > full story
Antibiotic-resistant bacteria in Indian public water supply (April 7, 2011) -- Disease-causing bacteria carrying the new genetic resistance to antibiotics, NDM-1, have been discovered in New Delhi's drinking water supply. ... > full story
Simple arithmetic for faster, more secure websites (April 7, 2011) -- Faster, more secure logins for multimedia sites might be possible thanks to a new approach to website and database security. Boolean logins would allow thousands if not millions of users to more quickly access the content to which they are entitled, such as music, video and images. The same approach might also reduce the risk of hackers accessing the materials illicitly. ... > full story
Male victims of 'intimate terrorism' can experience damaging psychological effects (April 7, 2011) -- Men who are abused by their female partners can suffer significant psychological trauma, such as post-traumatic stress disorder, depression and suicidal thoughts, according to two new articles. ... > full story
Antidepressants aid physical recovery in stroke, study suggests (April 7, 2011) -- Patients treated with a short course of antidepressants after a stroke have significantly greater improvement in physical recovery than patients treated with a placebo, according to a new study. Moreover, the study is the first to demonstrate that this physical recovery continues to improve for at least nine months after the antidepressant medication is stopped. ... > full story
New approach to IVF embryo donations lets people weigh decision (April 7, 2011) -- People who use in vitro fertilization to conceive children often have leftover embryos and must decide whether to store them, dispose of them or possibly donate them for research. A new process allows these people to make this decision in the privacy of their own homes -- without any interaction with clinic personnel or scientists who might benefit from the research. ... > full story
Deep-space travel could create heart health woes for astronauts (April 7, 2011) -- Astronauts anticipate more trips to the moon and manned missions to Mars. But exposure to cosmic radiation outside the Earth's magnetic field could be detrimental to their arteries. ... > full story
Warning labels better than a fat tax, study shows (April 7, 2011) -- Warning labels on junk food would be more effective than a "fat" tax for deterring overweight people from making unhealthy purchases, a new study has found. ... > full story
Brain development switch could affect schizophrenia, other conditions (April 7, 2011) -- Scientists have discovered a key "switch" in the brain that allows neurons to stop dividing so that these cells can migrate toward their final destinations in the brain. ... > full story
New fusion gene plays role in some stomach cancers (April 7, 2011) -- A newly discovered hybrid gene appears to play a direct role in some stomach cancers. The hybrid gene is a fusion of two separate genes, and is one of the first described in gastric cancer, which is the most lethal malignancy worldwide after lung cancer. ... > full story
Gene linked to severity of autism's social dysfunction identified (April 7, 2011) -- With the help of two sets of brothers with autism, scientists have identified a gene associated with autism that appears to be linked very specifically to the severity of social interaction deficits. ... > full story
Epileptic seizures linked to significant risk of subsequent brain tumor (April 7, 2011) -- Epileptic seizures can precede the development of a subsequent brain tumor by many years, suggests new research. ... > full story
Genetic change that helps tumors move to other parts of the body identified (April 7, 2011) -- Cancer biologists have identified a genetic change that makes lung tumors more likely to spread to other parts of the body. The findings offer new insight into how lung cancers metastasize and could help identify drug targets to combat metastatic tumors, which account for 90 percent of cancer deaths. ... > full story
Personal 'geo data' as sensitive as private genetic information, experts argue (April 7, 2011) -- Precise geographical data that pinpoints your whereabouts at any given time should be legally defined as sensitive data on a par with one's genetic information, according to legal experts in Denmark. The EU is investigating what kind of data should be covered by legislation and the team argues that so-called "geo data" must be included in this assessment. ... > full story
Progression of smell loss offers clues to the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (April 7, 2011) -- Loss of smell is a characteristic early symptom among people with Alzheimer's disease, but the relationship between olfactory dysfunction and the progression of the disease is still relatively unknown. New findings propose a pathological mechanism in the olfactory bulb, a small area of the brain above and behind the nose that transmits smell information to other areas of the brain for processing, could play a key role. ... > full story
Novel association between Parkinson's disease and prostate cancer (April 7, 2011) -- Researchers have found compelling evidence that Parkinson's disease is associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer and melanoma, and that this increased cancer risk also extends to close and distant relatives of individuals with Parkinson's disease. ... > full story
New device promises safer way to deliver powerful drugs (April 7, 2011) -- A new drug delivery device promises to unlock the potential of photosensitive chemicals to kill drug-resistant infections and perhaps cancer tumors as well. ... > full story
Having trouble sharing or understanding emotions? Affection could help (April 7, 2011) -- Affectionate communication, such as hugging, could help those who have high levels of alexithymia lead more fulfilling lives. ... > full story
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