ScienceDaily Top Science Headlines
for Tuesday, April 19, 2011
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Simple injection could limit damage from heart attacks and stroke (April 19, 2011) -- New research offers promise of a simple injection that could be developed to limit the devastating consequences of heart attacks and strokes. Scientists have identified an enzyme, Mannan Binding Lectin-Associated Serine Protease-2 (MASP-2), that is found in blood and is a key component of the lectin pathway of complement activation, a component of the innate immune system. ... > full story
Virtual surgery shows promise in personalized treatment of nasal obstruction (April 19, 2011) -- A preliminary report suggests that virtual nasal surgery has the potential to be a productive tool that may enable surgeons to perform personalized nasal surgery using computer simulation techniques. ... > full story
Using leaves' characteristics improves accuracy measuring past climates (April 19, 2011) -- Geologists have shown that a new method that uses different size and shape traits of leaves to reconstruct past climates over the last 120 million years is more accurate than other current methods. ... > full story
Do-not-resuscitate orders associated with poor surgical outcomes even for non-emergency procedures (April 19, 2011) -- Surgical patients with do-not-resuscitate orders appear to be at higher risk for poor surgical outcomes, according to a new study. ... > full story
Common virus plus low sunlight exposure may increase risk of multiple sclerosis (April 19, 2011) -- New research suggests that people who are exposed to low levels of sunlight coupled with a history of having a common virus known as mononucleosis may be at greater odds of developing multiple sclerosis than those without the virus. ... > full story
Treatment-resistant epilepsy common in idiopathic autism; Associated with early seizure onset and cognitive impairment (April 19, 2011) -- A new study found that treatment-resistant epilepsy is common in idiopathic autism. Early age at the onset of seizures and delayed global development were associated with a higher frequency of resistance to antiepileptic drugs. ... > full story
Learn to run a biorefinery in a virtual control room (April 19, 2011) -- Researchers have developed a virtual biorefinery control room based on ethanol and biodiesel plants in Iowa. The system is designed to teach students and workers to efficiently run a biorefinery. The simulations take into account more than 20 production attributes including moisture, starch content, contaminants, temperature and particle size. The virtual control room can be modified to offer training and experience when new feedstocks and technologies are developed. ... > full story
Students develop thought-controlled, hands-free computer for the disabled (April 19, 2011) -- Software engineering students have developed innovative technology that could enable people to operate a computer without using a keyboard or mouse -- only their brainwaves. ... > full story
Predicting premature birth possible through markers in mother's blood (April 18, 2011) -- Scientists have identified a group of proteins and peptides that signal risk of premature birth. Their research shows that more than 80 percent of preterm births can be spotted in advance with a blood test taken during the second trimester. ... > full story
Safety of stored blood among chief concerns for transfusion medicine community (April 18, 2011) -- In light of recent studies that suggest the use of stored blood during transfusions may cause adverse effects in patients, a number of research projects were funded to examine the safety of transfusing older red cells and the impact of stored blood on respiratory gases. These papers discussing potential adverse effects of stored blood and related concerns for oxygen delivery by transfusion are now available online. ... > full story
Primary care targeted for suicide prevention efforts (April 18, 2011) -- Forty-five percent of the 32,000 Americans who take their own lives each year visit their primary care provider within one month of their death. Yet only in the last decade has suicide been considered a preventable public health problem. ... > full story
MRI may predict which adults will develop Alzheimer's (April 18, 2011) -- Using MRI, researchers may be able to predict which adults with mild cognitive impairment are more likely to progress to Alzheimer's disease, according to the results of a new study. ... > full story
Immediate treatment can alleviate future back problems, research suggests (April 18, 2011) -- Immediate treatment by a physiotherapist, bypassing a waiting list, can reduce problems with recurring low back pain, new research suggests. ... > full story
Neutral atoms made to act like electrically charged particles (April 18, 2011) -- Completing the circuit they started by creating synthetic magnetic fields, scientists have made atoms act as if they were charged particles in electric fields. ... > full story
Many restaurant staff are undertrained and misinformed about food allergies, study finds (April 18, 2011) -- A new study reveals that there is no association between a restaurant worker's knowledge of food allergy and his or her confidence in being able to provide a safe meal to a food allergic customer. ... > full story
Compound effectively halts progression of multiple sclerosis in animal model (April 18, 2011) -- Scientists have developed the first of a new class of highly selective compounds that effectively suppresses the severity of multiple sclerosis in animal models. The new compound could provide new and potentially more effective therapeutic approaches to multiple sclerosis and other autoimmune diseases that affect patients worldwide. ... > full story
Temporary memory loss strikes hospitalized seniors (April 18, 2011) -- Battling an illness, lack of sleep and strange surroundings can make any hospital patient feel out of sorts. For seniors, hospitalizations actually may cause temporary memory loss and difficulty in understanding discharge instructions, according to a new study. ... > full story
How the bilingual brain copes with aging: As brain power decreases, older adults find new ways to compute language (April 18, 2011) -- Older bilingual adults compensate for age-related declines in brainpower by developing new strategies to process language, according to a recent study. ... > full story
Botox eases painful spinal headaches, study finds (April 18, 2011) -- A new case study finds Botox may offer new hope to patients suffering disabling low cerebrospinal fluid headaches. The successful treatment also offers new insight into Botox and headache treatment generally. ... > full story
Breast cancer: Tumor marker same in dogs and humans (April 18, 2011) -- Researchers were surprised to find that dogs and humans share a common tumor marker. The researchers uncovered a molecule, the CEA (carcinoembryonic antigen) receptor, that is almost identical in the two species. The result could lead to the rapid development of new therapies for dogs and humans. ... > full story
It’s not over when it's over: Storing sounds in the inner ear (April 18, 2011) -- Research shows that vibrations in the inner ear continue even after a sound has ended, perhaps serving as a kind of mechanical memory of recent sounds. In addition to contributing to the understanding of the complex process of sound perception, the results may shed light on other fascinating aspects of the auditory system, such as why some gaps between sounds are too brief to be perceived by the human ear. ... > full story
New therapeutic target for asthma, COPD and other lung disorders identified (April 18, 2011) -- Scientists have discovered a molecule's previously unknown role as a major trigger for airway remodeling, which impairs lung function, making the molecule a promising therapeutic target for chronic asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and several other lung conditions. ... > full story
Probiotic may reduce rate of recurrent urinary tract infections in women, study suggests (April 18, 2011) -- Urinary tract infections are common in women and occur frequently, affecting 2 to 3 percent of all women. A depletion of vaginal lactobacilli, a type of bacteria, is associated with urinary tract infection risk, which suggests that replenishing these bacteria may be beneficial. Researchers conducted a double-blind placebo-controlled trial to investigate this theory. Their results suggest that a probiotic may reduce the rate of recurrent urinary tract infections in women prone to these infections. ... > full story
Crash rates may be higher for teen drivers who start school earlier in the morning (April 18, 2011) -- A new study shows increased automobile crash rates among teen drivers who start school earlier in the morning. ... > full story
Artificial pancreas may improve overnight control of diabetes in adults (April 18, 2011) -- Two small randomized trials suggest that closed loop insulin delivery (also known as an artificial pancreas) may improve overnight blood glucose control and reduce the risk of nocturnal hypoglycemia (a sudden drop in blood glucose levels during the night) in adults with type 1 diabetes. ... > full story
Mortality rate is increased in persons with autism who also have epilepsy, study finds (April 18, 2011) -- A comprehensive investigation of postmortem brain tissue has determined that one-third of the brain donors with autism also had epilepsy, and co-morbidity data revealed a higher than expected rate of mortality in individuals with both autism and epilepsy than for individuals with autism alone. ... > full story
L-lysine may help schizophrenia sufferers cope (April 18, 2011) -- Schizophrenia is a serious mental disorder that currently affects about one in every 200 people. Most patients find some relief from their symptoms by treatment with antipsychotics, however they may still suffer from cognitive and negative symptoms. Preliminary research shows that patients who received L-lysine alongside their normal medication found some reduction in the severity of their symptoms. ... > full story
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